雅思寫作流程圖解答攻略
來源：環(huán)球教育
小編：長(zhǎng)安 665當(dāng)我們遇到流程圖的時(shí)候，常常面臨著這樣的問題：
第一，生詞太多，讀不懂題；
第二，沒有動(dòng)詞，造句困難；
第三，句型簡(jiǎn)單，不會(huì)變換；
第四，沒有連接，邏輯混亂。
今天我們跟著腦洞大開的北京環(huán)球教育張樂老師用“類比想象法”、“開心消消樂法”、“跳一跳法”和“排列組合法”一一攻破這些問題。
“什么？老師？開心消消樂？”“我不是來玩游戲的(⊙?⊙)”
“什么？老師？微信跳一跳？你怎么知道我剛剛玩這個(gè)游戲？”
以后我上課再也不玩了/(ㄒoㄒ)/~~”
哈哈O(∩_∩)O，今天我們看看這些方法怎么解決流程圖。
我們來看一道流程圖:
The diagrams below show the stages and equipment used in the cement-making process, and how cement is used to produce concrete for building purposes.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.
很多同學(xué)看到這個(gè)題目的時(shí)候發(fā)現(xiàn)很多單詞不認(rèn)識(shí)，比如”cement”, “concrete”, “l(fā)imestone”, “clay”, “crusher”, ”rotating heater”, ”grinder”......
“一種想放棄的感覺”
其實(shí)，我們可以把這個(gè)圖想象成蘋果、橙子和榨汁機(jī)的關(guān)系。
果汁（cement）的生產(chǎn)有幾個(gè)步驟。第一步是蘋果（limestone）和橙子（clay）被榨汁機(jī)（crusher）榨汁變成榴蓮（powder）（哈哈，榴蓮我的最愛?）。下一步，榴蓮（powder）被傳送到榨汁機(jī)（mixer）里，榴蓮在榨汁機(jī)里被榨汁。然后，榴蓮（powder）被傳送到榨汁機(jī)（rotating heater）里，榴蓮（powder）在榨汁機(jī)里被榨汁。
接著，榴蓮（powder）被放到傳送帶（conveyor belt）上，榴蓮?fù)ㄟ^傳送帶被傳送到榨汁機(jī)（grinder）里。之后，榴蓮（powder）被榨汁機(jī)（grinder）里榨汁直到果汁被生產(chǎn)出來。最后果汁（cement）打包到袋子（bags）里。
這么一想，即使我們不認(rèn)識(shí)這些單詞也沒有關(guān)系，想成水果和榨汁機(jī)的關(guān)系就可以了。這樣我們通過想象的方法就可以解決生詞太多的問題了。
“哇哦，媽媽再也不用擔(dān)心我不認(rèn)識(shí)單詞了?！?/p>
分割線 箭頭 動(dòng)態(tài)
“可是，題目中沒有給出動(dòng)詞，找不到動(dòng)詞怎么辦？”
大家想想，榨汁機(jī)的作用是做什么？“榨汁！”
捕鼠器的作用是做什么？“捕鼠！”
割草機(jī)的作用又是做什么“割草！”。
在我們中文里，工具的名字通常都是在功能的基礎(chǔ)上加上“機(jī)”或“器”。那么反過來，把工具后面的“機(jī)”或“器”去掉，就是的動(dòng)詞啦。
那么，類比到英語(yǔ)中，就是把英文中工具名字后面的”er”, ”or”, “ing”或“s”去掉，就是動(dòng)詞嘍。所以：
“哇哦，好神奇，媽媽再也不用擔(dān)心我找不到動(dòng)詞了?！?/p>
“可是，接下來我們?cè)趺磳懢渥?？我咋找不到主語(yǔ)呢？主語(yǔ)是人們嗎？”
流程圖中，多用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，所以主語(yǔ)就是材料啦。
“哈哈，媽媽再也不用擔(dān)心我不會(huì)寫簡(jiǎn)單句了。”
“可是，我想拿高分，不能老寫簡(jiǎn)單句，怎么進(jìn)行句式變換呢？”
我們可以通過“開心消消樂法”“跳一跳法”“排列組合法”解決這個(gè)問題。
比如：
Powder is sent to the mixer.
Powder is mixed in the mixer.這兩個(gè)句子我們先找到相同的單詞”powder”, 然后把相同的單詞放到一起，變成下面這樣：Powder Powder is sent to the mixer is mixed in the mixer.
大家都玩過開心消消樂的游戲，我們會(huì)把相同的地方消一消。我們這里也很相似，但是不是完全消掉，而是把后面的Powder消掉，變成which，這樣我們可以得到這樣的句子：①Powder which is sent to the mixer is mixed.
這就是傳說中的定語(yǔ)從句。
緊接著，我們?cè)诰渥英俚幕A(chǔ)上，繼續(xù)消了which is，這樣我們就可以得到這樣的句子：
?、赑owder sent to the mixer is mixed.
這就是傳說中的分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作后置定語(yǔ)，又一高分結(jié)構(gòu)。
最近，大家特別喜歡玩微信跳一跳。
今天，我們?cè)诰渥英诘幕A(chǔ)上，也來跳一跳，我們直接把藍(lán)色部分跳到句首，這樣我們就可以得到這樣的句子：
?、跾ent to the mixer, powder is mixed.
這就是傳說中的分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)，又一高大上的結(jié)構(gòu)。
這兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句除了powder相同，還有the mixer 相同，我們把相同的地方放到一起，就是下面這個(gè)樣子：
Powder is sent to the mixer in the mixer powder is mixed.
我們把后面的the mixer 變成which，第二次提到powder，我們用it指代，這樣我們就可以得到下面的句子：
?、躊owder is sent to the mixer in which it is mixed.
這同樣是傳說的定語(yǔ)從句，大家經(jīng)常背定語(yǔ)從句中 in which=where。
接下來，我們把這兩個(gè)句子想象成兩節(jié)火車廂，兩節(jié)火車廂之間，需要鏈條連接起來，這個(gè)鏈條就是before。這樣，我們就可以得到這樣的句子：
?、軵owder is sent to the mixer before it is mixed.
這就是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，before的連詞的用法。
當(dāng)然一節(jié)火車廂之后我們不僅可以加一節(jié)火車廂，我們還可以加一個(gè)小尾巴，before后面我們不僅可以加句子，還可以加名詞或者動(dòng)名詞。這樣，我們就可以得到這樣的句子：
⑥Powder is sent to the mixer before being mixed.
這就是before的介詞的用法。
這樣，我們就可以把這兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句用六種方式合并出來。
Powder is sent to the mixer.
Powder is mixed in the mixer.
合并
?、貾owder which is sent to the mixer is mixed.
②Powder sent to the mixer is mixed.
?、跾ent to the mixer, powder is mixed.
?、躊owder is sent to the mixer in which it is mixed.
?、軵owder is sent to the mixer before it is mixed.
⑥Powder is sent to the mixer before being mixed.
同樣地，以下兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句也可以用六種方式合并。
Mixed powder is delivered to the rotating heater.
Mixed powder is rotated and heated in the rotating heater.
合并:
?、費(fèi)ixed powder which is delivered to the rotating heater is rotated and heated.
?、贛ixed powder delivered to the rotating heater is rotated and heated.
?、跠elivered to the rotating heater, mixed powder is rotated and heated.
④Mixed powder is delivered to the rotating heater in which it is rotated and heated.
?、軲ixed powder is delivered to the rotating heater before it is rotated and heated.
⑥Mixed powder is delivered to the rotating heater before being rotated and heated.
同樣地，這兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句也可以用這六種方式合并。
Heated powder is placed on the conveyor belt.
Heated powder is conveyed to the grinder by the conveyor belt.
合并:
?、貶eated powder which is placed on the conveyor belt is conveyed to the grinder.
?、贖eated powder placed on the conveyor belt is conveyed to the grinder.
?、?Placed on the conveyor belt, heated powder is conveyed to the grinder.
?、蹾eated powder is placed on the conveyor belt by which it is conveyed to the grinder.
⑤Heated powder is placed on the conveyor belt before it is conveyed to the grinder.
?、轍eated powder is placed on the conveyor belt before being conveyed to the grinder.
那么這個(gè)段落我們可以組合出多少種方式呢？
理科生快來?。。?/p>
“6×6×6=216”
“天哪！一個(gè)段落有216種組合方式！?。 ?/p>
當(dāng)然不是所有的組合方式都是好的組合方式，有多少種組合方式能得高分呢？
“6×5×4=120”
“哇！有120種方式可以得高分?。。 ?/p>
比如:
我們選用120種組合方式中的一種組合方式（④③②組合）
There are several stages in the process of cement production. Limestone and clay are crushed by the crusher into powder. Powder is sent to the mixer in which it is mixed. Delivered to the rotating heater, mixed powder is rotated and heated. Heated powder placed on the conveyor belt is conveyed to the grinder. Cooled powder is ground by the grinder until cement is produced. Cement is bagged in bags.
“哈哈哈，媽媽再也不用擔(dān)心我不會(huì)句式變換了?！?/p>
“可是，怎么實(shí)現(xiàn)句子的連貫和銜接呢？用firstly, secondly, thirdly嗎？”
當(dāng)然不是，看下文：
There are several stages in the process of cement production. The first stage is that limestone and clay are crushed by the crusher into powder. In the next step, powder is sent to the mixer in which it is mixed. Delivered to the rotating heater, mixed powder is then rotated and heated. Subsequently, heated powder placed on the conveyor belt is conveyed to the grinder. After this, cooled powder is ground by the grinder until cement is produced before the final product is bagged in bags.
這樣，我們的段落是不是很完美啦？！這樣的方法同樣可以用到第二個(gè)流程圖的描述當(dāng)中。想要獲得更多有趣的方法，就來環(huán)球吧！
